Lithium Batteries: Things to Know About

With the changing technology, more efficient Lithium based batteries are replacing age old Lead-Acid batteries.

Be it weight or efficiency, Lithium based batteries are better than the traditional options available. They are lightest options available and offered in different chemistries, such as: Lithium-Ion, Lithium-Iron Phosphate, Lithium Polymer, and a few more.  

Lithium-Iron-Phosphate

LiFePO4, i.e. Lithium Iron Phosphate, batteries are gaining immense popularity. They are safest types of Lithium batteries as they do not overheat and do not catch fire even after getting punctured. The cathode material in these batteries is not dangerous. Apart from that, they do not have any negative health hazard or environmental impact. The battery do not catches fire because the oxygen is bonded tightly to the molecule and hence provides a much safer solution than Lithium-ion batteries.

The LiFePO4 batteries feature a stable chemistry and can even accept a charge from a lead-acid configured battery charge. They may be less energy-dense, but Iron and Phosphate are available in plenty and also cheaper to extract so costs are optimal. The life expectancy of LiFePO4 batteries are 5-7 years.

Voltage of a single Lithium-Iron-Phosphate battery is 3.2V, so 48V LiFePO4 battery requires connecting 16 of the same module in a series. Despite the connections in a battery pack, these batteries do not seem bulky. Their weight is the most impressive thing.  

Safety concerns with other Lithium batteries

Lithium-Ion and Lithium Polymer batteries are energy dense, but safety remains a major concern with them. This is because oxygen is not strongly bonded to the cobalt, causing the battery to heat up in rapid charging or discharging, or heavy use and catch fire. It can be disastrous in high pressure environment.

The only thing of concern about Lithium batteries is that their performance below 0 degrees Celsius is negligible.

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